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    Api 5l 46th edition rondedzero yemutsara pombi chiyero

    Api 5l 46th edition rondedzero yemutsara pombi scipe inoenderana mufananidzo
    • Api 5l 46th edition rondedzero yemutsara pombi chiyero

    Tsananguro pfupi:

    Yakatsanangurwa kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zviviri zviyero (PSL1 uye PSL2) yeSeamless uye Yakasungwa Simbi Pipi yekushandiswa kwepombi mune yekufambisa yePetroleum uye gasi rechisikigo. Zvekushandisa zvokunyama muzvishandiso zvekusavimbika zvinoreva ANNEX H uye for Offshore Service application inotaura neAnxx J ye API5L 45.


    Chigadzirwa Chinhu

    Zvigadzirwa tags

    Mamiriro ekutumira

    Psl Mamiriro ekutumira PIPE Giredhi
    PsL1 Se-yakatetepa, yakajairika, yakajairika yakaumbwa

    A
    AS-yakagadziriswa, yakagadziriswa yakagadziriswa, arermomeekanicial yakakunzwa, thermo-mechanced yakaumbwa, yakagadziriswa yakaumbwa, yakajairwa, yakagadziriswa uye yakabvumidzwa q & t smls chete

    B
    Se-yakatenderedza, yakajairwa yakaomeswa, thermomeekanical yakakungurutswa, thermo-mechancal yakaumbwa, yakagadziriswa yakaumbwa, yakagadziriswa, yakajairwa uye yakagadziriswa uye inotsamwiswa X42, x46, x52, x56, x60, x65, x70
    Psl 2 Se-yakatenderera

    Br, x42r
    Yakagadziriswa yakagadziriswa, yakajairwa yakaumbwa, yakajairwa kana yakajairwa uye yakagadziriswa BN, X42N, X46N, X52N, X56N, X60n
    Akadzima uye akatsamwa BQ, X42Q, X46Q, X56Q, X60Q, X65Q, X70Q, X08Q, X90Q, X100Q
    Thermomechanical yakakungurutswa kana thermomechanical yakaumbwa BM, X42M, X46M, X56M, X60M, X65M, X70m, x80m
    Thermomechanical yakakungurutswa X90m, x100m, x120m
    Zvakakwana (r, n, q kana m) yePSL2 mamakisi, ndezvesimbi giredhi

    Kuraira ruzivo

    Iyo yekutenga yekubhadhara ichasanganisira huwandu, denderedzwa, mhando kana giredhi, urefu hwemahara

    Maitiro maitiro ekugadzira

    Rudzi rwePIPE

    Psl 1

    Psl 2
    Giredhi a Giredhi b X42 kusvika x70 B kusvika x80 X80 kusvika x100
    Smls

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü
    Lfw

    ü

    ü

    ü
    HFW

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü
    LW

    ü
    Sawl

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü
    Sawh

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü
    SMLS - Seamless, pasina weld

    LFW - Low Frequency Welded Pipe, <70 KHz

    HFW - High Freency Welded Pipe,> 70 KHz

    Sawl - Submerge-Arc Welding Longitudinal Weld

    Sawh - Submerge-Arc Welding Helical Welded

    Kutanga zvinhu

    Ingots, maruva, mafuti kana mahwendefa anoshandiswa kuti mugadziri wengwe rinozoitwa nematanho ekutevera, choto cheokisijeni, chemagetsi kana chakavhurika mukati mekusanganiswa nekunaka kwekunaka. Nekuti Psl2, simbi ichaurayiwa uye yakanyungudutswa zvinoenderana netsika yezviyo yakanaka. Coil kana ndiro inoshandiswa yePSL2 pombi haizo iine chero gadziriro yelds.

    Chemical composition ye psl 1 pombi ne t ± 0,984 "

    Giredhi reSimbi

    Chidimbu chakawanda,% yakavakirwa pakupisa uye chigadzirwa chinoongorora a, g

    C

    max b

    Mn

    max b

    P

    Max

    S

    Max

    V

    Max

    Nb

    Max

    Ti

    Max

    Pipi isina musungwa

    A

    0.22

    0.90

    0.30

    0.30

    -

    -

    -

    B

    0.28

    1.20

    0.30

    0.30

    C, D

    C, D

    d

    X42

    0.28

    1.30

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    X46

    0.28

    1.40

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    X52

    0.28

    1.40

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    X56

    0.28

    1.40

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    X60

    0.28 e

    1.40 E

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f

    X65

    0.28 e

    1.40 E

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f

    X70

    0.28 e

    1.40 E

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f

    Yakatemwa Pombi

    A

    0.22

    0.90

    0.30

    0.30

    -

    -

    -

    B

    0.26

    1.2

    0.30

    0.30

    C, D

    C, D

    d

    X42

    0.26

    1.3

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    X46

    0.26

    1.4

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    X52

    0.26

    1.4

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    X56

    0.26

    1.4

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    X60

    0.26 E

    1.40 E

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f

    X65

    0.26 E

    1.45 E

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f

    X70

    0.26E

    1.65 E

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f
    1. Cu ≤ = 0,50% ni; ± 0,50%; Cr ≤ 0,50%; uye mo ≤ 0.15%
    2. Kuderedzwa kwega kwe0,01% pazasi pezvakataurwa max. kusimbisa kabhoni, uye kuwedzera kwe0,05% pamusoro peiyo yakatarwa max. kusunganidzwa kweMN kunobvumirwa, kusvika kune max. of 1.65% yemakirini ≥ b, asi ≤ = x52; kusvika kune max. of 1.75% yemakirini> x52, asi <x70; uye kusvika kune yakakwira ye2,00% ye x70.
    3. Kunze kwekunge zvakabvumiranwa neimwe nb + v ± 0.06%
    4. Nb + v + ti ≤ 0.15%
    5. Kunze kwekunge vatenderana neimwe nzira.
    6. Kunze kwekunge zvakabvumiranwa neimwe nzira, NB + v = ti ≤ 0.15%
    7. Hapana kuwedzera kwemaune kweB kunobvumidzwa uye kusara b ± 0.001%

    Chemical Composition yePSL 2 Pipe na t ≤ 0,984 "

    Giredhi reSimbi

    Misa chidimbu,% zvichibva pakupisa uye chigadzirwa chinoongorora

    Carbon Equiv a

    C

    max b

    Si

    Max

    Mn

    max b

    P

    Max

    S

    Max

    V

    Max

    Nb

    Max

    Ti

    Max

    Zvimwe

    CE IIW

    Max

    CE PCM

    Max

    Seamless uye akateedzera pombi

    BR

    0.24

    0.40

    1.20

    0.025

    0.015

    c

    c

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X42r

    0.24

    0.40

    1.20

    0.025

    0.015

    0.06

    0.05

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    BN

    0.24

    0.40

    1.20

    0.025

    0.015

    c

    c

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X42n

    0.24

    0.40

    1.20

    0.025

    0.015

    0.06

    0.05

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X46n

    0.24

    0.40

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.07

    0.05

    0.04

    d, e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X52n

    0.24

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.10

    0.05

    0.04

    d, e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X56n

    0.24

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.10f

    0.05

    0.04

    d, e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X60n

    0.24f

    0.45F

    1.40F

    0.025

    0.015

    0.10f

    0.05F

    0.04F

    g, h, l

    Sezvakatenderana

    BQ

    0.18

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X42q

    0.18

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X46q

    0.18

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X52q

    0.18

    0.45

    1.50

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X56q

    0.18

    0.45F

    1.50

    0.025

    0.015

    0.07

    0.05

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X60q

    0.18f

    0.45F

    1.70F

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h, l

    .043

    0.25

    X65q

    0.18f

    0.45F

    1.70F

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h, l

    .043

    0.25

    X70

    0.18f

    0.45F

    1.80f

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h, l

    .043

    0.25

    X80q

    0.18f

    0.45F

    1.90F

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    i, j

    Sezvakatenderana

    X90Q

    0.16f

    0.45F

    1.90

    0.020

    0.010

    g

    g

    g

    J, K

    Sezvakatenderana

    X100Q

    0.16f

    0.45F

    1.90

    0.020

    0.010

    g

    g

    g

    J, K

    Sezvakatenderana

    Yakatemwa Pombi

    BM

    0.22

    0.45

    1.20

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X42m

    0.22

    0.45

    1.30

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X46m

    0.22

    0.45

    1.30

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X52m

    0.22

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    d

    d

    d

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X56m

    0.22

    0.45F

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    d

    d

    d

    e, l

    .043

    0.25

    X60m

    0.12f

    0.45F

    1.60F

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h, l

    .043

    0.25

    X65m

    0.12f

    0.45F

    1.60F

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h, l

    .043

    0.25

    X70m

    0.12f

    0.45F

    1.70F

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h, l

    .043

    0.25

    X80m

    0.12f

    0.45F

    1.85f

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    i, j

    .043f

    0.25

    X90m

    0.10

    0.55F

    2.10F

    0.020

    0.010

    g

    g

    g

    i, j

    -

    0.25

    X100m

    0.10

    0.55F

    2.10F

    0.020

    0.010

    g

    g

    g

    i, j

    -

    0.25
    1. SMLS T> 0.787 ", CE miganhu inobvumidzwa. Iyo CEIIW Limits inoshandiswa
    2. Kuderedzwa kwega kwe0,01% pazasi pezvakataurwa max. kusimbisa kabhoni, uye kuwedzera kwe0,05% pamusoro peiyo yakatarwa max. kusunganidzwa kweMN kunobvumirwa, kusvika kune max. of 1.65% yemakirini ≥ b, asi ≤ = x52; kusvika kune max. of 1.75% yemakirini> x52, asi <x70; uye kusvika kune yakakwira ye2,00% ye x70.
    3. Kunze kwekunge zvatakabvumirana nb = v ± 0.06%
    4. Nb = v = ti ≤ 0.15%
    5. Kunze kwekunge zvabvumirana neimwe nzira, CU × 0.50%; Ni × 030% cr ≤ 0,30% uye mo ≤ 0.15%
    6. Kunze kwekunge zvakabvumiranwa neimwe nzira
    7. Kunze kwekunge zvakabvumiranwa neimwe nzira, NB + V + ti ≤ 0.15%
    8. Kunze kwekunge zvakabvumiranwa neimwe nzira, CU × 0.50% ni ± 0,50% cr ≤ 0,50% uye mo ± 0 0,50%
    9. Kunze kwekunge zvataurwa neimwe nzira, CU × 0.50% ni ≤ 1.00% CR ≤ 0,50% uye mo ± 00 0,50%
    10. B】 0,004%
    11. Kunze kwekunge zvataurwa neimwe nzira, CU × 0.50% ni ≤ 1.00% CR ≤ 0,55% uye mo ± 0.80%
    12. Kune ese PSL 2 pombi yemakiredhi kunze kweiyo mamakisi ane manhamba esimptset j akacherechedzwa, zvinotevera zvinoshanda. Kunze kwekunge zvataurwa neimwe nzira pasina kuwedzerwa kweB inobvumidzwa uye yakasara b ± 0.001%.

    Tensile uye goho - PSL1 uye PTL2

    PIPE Giredhi

    Tensile Properties - PIPE Muviri weSmls uye Welded Pipe Pipes psl 1

    SEAM YEMAHARA YEMAHARA

    Gohwo simba a

    RT0,5Psi min

    Tensile Simba A

    Rm psi min

    Elongation

    (in 2in af% min)

    Tensile simba b

    Rm psi min

    A

    30,500

    48,600

    c

    48,600

    B

    35,500

    60,200

    c

    60,200

    X42

    42,100

    60,200

    c

    60,200

    X46

    46,400

    63,100

    c

    63,100

    X52

    52,200

    66,700

    c

    66,700

    X56

    56,600

    71,100

    c

    71,100

    X60

    60,200

    75,400

    c

    75,400

    X65

    65,300

    77,500

    c

    77,500

    X70

    70,300

    82,700

    c

    82,700
    a. Kuti uwane giredhi repakati, musiyano uripo pakati pezvakaratidzirwa kusimba kwesimba

    b. Kune mamakisi epakati, iyo yakasarudzika svutugadzike simba reWeld SEAM ichave yakafanana nemuviri uchishandisa tsoka tsoka a.

    c. Iyo yakataurwa mashoma elongation, af, Inotaura muzana uye yakatenderedzwa kune iyo iri pedyo muzana, ichatsanangurwa uchishandisa inotevera equation:

    Iko C iri 1 940 yekuverenga uchishandisa Si Units uye 625 000 yekuverenga uchishandisa USC Units

    Axcndizvo zvinoshanda tensile bvunzo chidimbu cheki-chikamu chikamu, chinoratidzwa mumamirimita mamirimita (mraba inches), seinotevera

    - yedenderedzwa muchinjiko-chikamu test zvidimbu, 130mm2 (0.20 mukati2) Kwemaviri ma 12.7 mm (0.500 mu) uye 8.9 mm (.350 mu) Diki test test; uye 65 mm2(0.10 mukati2) for 6.4 mm (0.250in) diameter zvidimbu zvidimbu.

    - Kune yakazara-chikamu test zvidimbu, izvo zvishoma zve) 485 mm2(0.75 mukati2) uye b) iyo-chikamu-chikamu chikamu chechikamu chebvunzo, chakaitwa uchishandisa iyo yakataurwa kunze kwekunze uye yakatsanangurwa madziro tsizi, yakatenderedzwa kune iyo yepedyo 10 mm2(0.10in2)

    - Zvive zvidimbu zvidimbu zvidimbu, izvo zvishoma zve) 485 mm2(0.75 mukati2) uye b) nzvimbo yemuchinjiko-chikamu chechikamu chebvunzo, inotorwa uchishandisa iyo yakataurwa yakajeka yeyekupedzisira chidimbu uye yakatsanangurwa madziro tsizi, yakatenderedzwa kune iyo yepedyo 10 mm2(0.10in2)

    Iwe ndiyo yakatarwa shoma sosi simba, inoratidzwa mu megapascals (mapaundi pane mraba inch)

    PIPE Giredhi

    Tensile Properties - PIPE Muviri weSmls uye Welded Pipe Pipes PSL 2

    SEAM YEMAHARA YEMAHARA

    Gohwo simba a

    RT0,5Psi min

    Tensile Simba A

    Rm psi min

    Ratio a, c

    R10,5IRm

    Elongation

    (in 2in)

    Af%

    Tensile simba d

    Rm(PSI)

    Zvishoma

    Kukwana

    Zvishoma

    Kukwana

    Kukwana

    Zvishoma

    Zvishoma
    BR, BN, BQ, BM

    35,500

    65,300

    60,200

    95,000

    0.93

    f

    60,200
    X42, x42r, x2Q, x42m

    42,100

    71,800

    60,200

    95,000

    0.93

    f

    60,200
    X46n, x46q, x46m

    46,400

    76,100

    63,100

    95,000

    0.93

    f

    63,100
    X52n, x52Q, x52m

    52,200

    76,900

    66,700

    110,200

    0.93

    f

    66,700
    X56n, x56q, x56m

    56,600

    Makumi manomwe neshanu

    71,100

    110,200

    0.93

    f

    71,100
    X60n, x60q, s60m

    60,200

    81,900

    75,400

    110,200

    0.93

    f

    75,400
    X65q, x65m

    65,300

    87,000

    77,600

    110,200

    0.93

    f

    76,600
    X70q, x65m

    70,300

    92,100

    82,700

    110,200

    0.93

    f

    82,700
    X80q, x80m

    80 ,.500

    102,300

    90,600

    119,700

    0.93

    f

    90,600
    a. Yeiyo yepakati giredhi, tarisa kune yakazara API5L squired.

    b. yemakirini> x90 inotaura kune yakazara API5L speation.

    c. Iyi muganho inoshanda peie ne d> 12,750 mukati

    d. Kune mamakisi epakati, iyo yakasarudzika svutugadzike yesimba yeWeld seam ichave yakafanana neye yakanga yakatemwa kuti muviri wePipe uchishandisa tsoka.

    e. nekuti pombi inoda kuyedzwa kwenguva refu, simba rakabudirira richava ≤ 71,800 PSI

    f. Iyo yakataurwa mashoma elongation, af, Inotaura muzana uye yakatenderedzwa kune iyo iri pedyo muzana, ichatsanangurwa uchishandisa inotevera equation:

    Iko C iri 1 940 yekuverenga uchishandisa Si Units uye 625 000 yekuverenga uchishandisa USC Units

    Axcndizvo zvinoshanda tensile bvunzo chidimbu cheki-chikamu chikamu, chinoratidzwa mumamirimita mamirimita (mraba inches), seinotevera

    - yedenderedzwa muchinjiko-chikamu test zvidimbu, 130mm2 (0.20 mukati2) Kwemaviri ma 12.7 mm (0.500 mu) uye 8.9 mm (.350 mu) Diki test test; uye 65 mm2(0.10 mukati2) for 6.4 mm (0.250in) diameter zvidimbu zvidimbu.

    - Kune yakazara-chikamu test zvidimbu, izvo zvishoma zve) 485 mm2(0.75 mukati2) uye b) iyo-chikamu-chikamu chikamu chechikamu chebvunzo, chakaitwa uchishandisa iyo yakataurwa kunze kwekunze uye yakatsanangurwa madziro tsizi, yakatenderedzwa kune iyo yepedyo 10 mm2(0.10in2)

    - Zvive zvidimbu zvidimbu zvidimbu, izvo zvishoma zve) 485 mm2(0.75 mukati2) uye b) nzvimbo yemuchinjiko-chikamu chechikamu chebvunzo, inotorwa uchishandisa iyo yakataurwa yakajeka yeyekupedzisira chidimbu uye yakatsanangurwa madziro tsizi, yakatenderedzwa kune iyo yepedyo 10 mm2(0.10in2)

    U ndiyo yakatarwa shoma sosi simba, inotaurwa mu megapascals (mapaundi pane mraba inch

    g. Yakaderera tsika fo r10,5IRm inogona kutsanangurwa nechibvumirano

    h. yemakirini> x90 inotaura kune yakazara API5L speation.

    Hydrostatic test

    PIPE yekuregedza bvunzo yeHydrostatic pasina kubhururuka kuburikidza neWell seam kana iyo pombi muviri. Majointa haafanire kuve hydrostatic yakaedzwa inopa zvikamu zvePipe zvakashandiswa zvakaedzwa zvinobudirira.

    Bend bvunzo

    Hapana makwayana anozoitika mune chero chikamu chechidimbu chechidimbu uye kwete kuvhura kweanobuda.

    Kuongororwa kwerubatsiro

    Kugamuchira maitiro ekuongororwa kweyekubhusafakara muedzo uchave
    a) ew pipes d <12.750 in
    -An x60 neT≥0.500in, hapazovi nekuvhurwa kweWels isati yasvika pakati pehombodo isingasviki 66% yeiyo yekutanga kunze kwekunze. Kune ese mamakisi nemadziro, makumi mashanu muzana.
    -Neye pipe ne D / T> 10, hakuzove nekuvhurwa kweWels isati yasvika pakati pehombodo isingasviki 30% yeiyo yekutanga kunze kwekunze kwekunze.
    b) Kune mamwe marudzi anoreva kuti yakazara API5L speation

    CVN Impact Test yePSL2

    Mazhinji psl2 pombi saizi uye mamakisi anoda cvn. Pipe isina kusununguka ndeyekuedzwa mumuviri. Yakatemwa pombi inofanirwa kuedzwa mumuviri, pombi weld uye kupisa yakakanganiswa nzvimbo (Haz). Tarisa uone kune yakazara API5L kutaurwa kweti chati yehukuru uye mamakisi uye inodikanwa yakanyorwa simba esimba tsika.

    Zvibvumirano zvekunze kweDhivha, kunze kwekutenderera uye kukwirira kwemadziro

    Yakataurwa kunze kweDiameter d (in)

    Diameter Kushivirira, Inches D

    Kunze-kwe-kutenderera kusimba mukati

    Pombi kunze kwekupedzisira a

    Pombi kupera a, b, c

    Pombi kunze kwekupedzisira a

    Pombi kupera a, b, c

    SMLS PIPE

    Yakatemwa Pombi

    SMLS PIPE

    Yakatemwa Pombi

    <2.375

    -0.031 kusvika + 0.016

    - 0.031 kusvika + 0.016

    0.048

    0.036

    ≥2.375 kusvika 6.625

    +/- 0,0075D

    		 - 0.016 kusvika + 0.063

    0.020d ye

    Nechibvumirano che

    0.015d ye

    Nechibvumirano che

    > 6.625 kusvika 24.000

    +/- 0,0075D

    +/- 0,0075D, asi Max ye1.125

    +/- 0,005d, asi Max ye 0.063

    0.020d

    0.015d

    > 24 kusvika ku56

    +/- 0.01d

    +/- 0,005d asi max ye 0.160

    +/- 0.079

    +/- 0.063

    0.015d ye asi max ye 0.060

    Nekuti

    Nechibvumirano

    for

    0.01d ye asi max ye 0.500

    Nekuti

    Nechibvumirano

    for
    > 56 Sezvakatenderana
    1. Mugumo wePipe unosanganisira kureba kwe4 pakudya imwe neimwe yeiyo pombi migumo
    2. Zvekupfira pombi iyo kushivirira kunyorera T≤0.984IN uye mishonga yeiyo mbichana mbichana ichave yakabvumiranwa
    3. Zvepombi yakawedzerwa ne d≥8.625in uye yeiyo isina kuwedzerwa pombi, iyo yekushivirira uye yekudzora-kwekutenderera ichitsvaga mukati mehupombwe kana kuyerwa mukati meyisimusi pane iyo yakataurwa.
    4. Zvekusarudza kutevedzera kuimba yekushatisa

    Kukudza Wall

    t inches

    Terences a

    inches

    SMLS PIPE B

    ≤ 0.157

    + 0024 / - 0.020

    > 0.157 kusvika <0.948

    + 0.150t / - 0.125t

    ≥ 0.984

    + 0.146 kana 0.1t, chero ipi neipi yakakura

    - 0.120 kana - 0.1t, chero ipi neipi yakakura

    Weld Pipe C, D

    ≤ 0.197

    +/- 0,020
    > 0.197 kusvika <0.591

    +/- 0.1t

    ≥ 0.591

    +/- 0.060
    1. Kana iyo yekutenga ichitsanangura kusimbisa kwemadziro madziro madiki pane kukosha kwekushanda kwakapihwa mune ino tafura, iyo yekushivirira kwemadziro inozowedzerwa nekukwana kuchengetedza iyo inoshanda kushivirira.
    2. Yepombi ine d≥ 14.000 muT≥0.984in, iyo Wall, iyo Wall Tilleance Kuwedzera Kwemadziro neyekuwedzera.
    3. Iyo yekuwedzera kushivirira kwemadziro matangi haishande kune weld nzvimbo
    4. Ona iyo yakazara API5L spec yeruzivo rwakazara
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