Indasitiri yemafuta negesi inoita basa guru mukusimudzira hupfumi nekupa simba munharaunda yemazuva ano. Zvisinei, kukanganisa kwemapaipi emafuta nharaunda kuri kuramba kuchikura. Patinenge tichiongorora kuti tinganyatsonzwisisa sei kukanganisa kwemapaipi emafuta nharaunda, tinofanira kufunga nezvekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji mukuvaka mapaipi pamwe nemigumisiro yazvo yakawanda muzvakatipoteredza.
Mapaipi anoshandiswa kutakura mafuta asina kucheneswa negasi rechisikigo kubva kwaanogadzirwa kuenda kunzvimbo dzekuchenesesa nedzinogovera zvinhu. Kuvakwa nekushanda kwemapaipi aya kunogona kukanganisa nharaunda zvakanyanya, kusanganisira kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo dzekugara, kubuda kwemvura, uye kuburitswa kwemhepo inopisa. Kunzwisisa migumisiro iyi kwakakosha kune vane chekuita neizvi kusanganisira vagadziri vemitemo, vanochengetedza nharaunda, uye veruzhinji.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru mukuderedza kukanganiswa kwenzvimbo nemapaipi emafuta ndiko kunaka kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa pakuvaka kwawo. Semuenzaniso, sarudzo yakanakisisa yekutumira mafuta negasi.pombichigadzirwa chemhando yepamusoro chine mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemagadzirirwo. Mapaipi aya anogadzirwa achishandisa matekiniki epamusoro ekugadzira akadai se spiral submerged arc welding, iyo inopa simba risingaenzaniswi uye kugara kwenguva refu. Izvi hazvingovimbisi chete kutakurwa kwakachengeteka kwemafuta negasi, asiwo zvinoderedza njodzi yekudonha kwemvura uye kudonha kwemvura kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya nharaunda dzemuno.
Fekitori ine basa rekugadzira mapaipi aya emhando yepamusoro iri muCangzhou, Hebei Province. Yakavambwa muna 1993, kambani iyi yakakura nekukurumidza uye ikozvino ine nzvimbo inosvika 350,000 square metres ine pfuma inosvika RMB 680 miriyoni. Kambani iyi ine vashandi 680 vakazvipira kupa mhinduro dzemapaipi dzakavimbika uye dzisingakuvadzi nharaunda. Kutarisa kwavo pamhando yepamusoro nekugadzira zvinhu zvitsva kwakakosha kuti vasangane nematambudziko ezvakatipoteredza anokonzerwa nekutakura mafuta.
Kuongorora nemazvo kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwetambo yepombi yemafuta, zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo. Chekutanga, nzira yepombi inoita basa guru mukuona kuti ichafamba sei munzvimbo dzayo dzezvakatipoteredza. Mapaipi anoyambuka nzvimbo dzinogara vanhu vakawanda dzakadai senzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda kana nzvimbo dzemhuka dzesango ane njodzi huru kumarudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvisikwa. Kuongorora Kukanganisa Kwezvakatipoteredza (EIA) kwakakosha kuti paonekwe njodzi idzi uye pave nenzira dzekudzivirira.
Chechipiri, mukana wekubuda kwemvura kana kudonha kwemvura unofanira kufungwa nezvawo. Pasinei nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji yemapaipi, tsaona dzinogona kuitika. Migumisiro yekudonha kwemvura inogona kuva nenjodzi huru, zvichikonzera kusvibiswa kwevhu nemvura, kutsakatika kwemhuka dzesango, uye kukuvara kwezvakatipoteredza kwenguva refu. Nokudaro, makambani anofanira kuita zvirongwa zvekutarisa nekugadzirisa zvakasimba kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mapaipi avo akachengeteka.
Chekupedzisira, kabhoni inokonzerwa nekutorwa kwemafuta nekutakurwa kwawo haigone kufuratirwa. Kupiswa kwemafuta efossil kunobatsira zvikuru mukuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, uye indasitiri yemafuta ndiyo inonyanya kubatsira mune izvi. Kuchinja kune simba rinogara kwenguva refu kwakakosha mukuderedza kukanganisa kwese kwekugadzirwa kwesimba panharaunda.
Muchidimbu, kunzwisisa kukanganisa kwemapaipi emafuta nharaunda kunoda nzira yakawanda inotarisa mhando yezvinhu, kunzwisiswa kwenzira dzemapaipi, uye kukanganisa kukuru kwekushandiswa kwemafuta efossil. Nekudyara mari mumhinduro dzemapaipi emhando yepamusoro uye kuisa pamberi mutoro wekuchengetedza nharaunda, makambani anogona kuita basa guru mukuderedza kukanganiswa kwenzvimbo yekupa mafuta negasi. Sezvatinofambira mberi kune ramangwana rakagadzikana, zvakakosha kuti vese vane chekuita nenharaunda vabatane mukukurukurirana uye chiito chakakosha chekudzivirira pasi redu.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-16-2025