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Mapaipi Emusono Wemapombi Emvura Makuru Mufananidzo Unoratidzwa

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Mukuvaka zvivakwa, zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvine basa guru mukushanda kwenguva refu uye kushanda kwepurojekiti. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha muindasitiri yezvivakwa ipombi dzakasungirirwa dzakatenderedzwa. Mapombi aya anowanzo shandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dzakadai semapaipi emvura nemagasi, uye hunyanzvi hwawo, kusanganisira mapaipi akasungirirwa neakatenderedzwa, hwakakosha pakuona kuti anoshanda zvakanaka. Mublog rino, tichaongorora zvakadzama mapombi aya.denderedzwa rakasungirirwa pombi Specification uye kukosha kwavo muindasitiri yekuvaka.

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Ruzivo rweChigadzirwa

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Spombi yemusono wepirariszvinogadzirwa uchishandisa nzira inonzi spiral welding process. Maitiro acho anosanganisira kushandisa hot-rolled coils dzesimbi kuti dzigadzirwe kuita chimiro che cylindrical uye dzobva dzabatanidzwa pamwe chete nemusono we spiral. Mugumisiro wacho ipombi ine simba rakawanda uye inogara kwenguva refu, zvichiita kuti ikwanise kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana. Mapombi aya anoshandisachubhu yakasungirirwatekinoroji panguva yekuvaka, zvichiita kuti dzisakanganiswa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvakatipoteredza uye kumanikidzwa, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakakodzera kushandiswa pasi pevhu uye pasi pemvura.

Hunhu Hukuru hweMapombi eSimbi (GB/T3091-2008, GB/T9711-2011 uye API Spec 5L)
Zvakajairika	Giredhi reSimbi	Zvikamu zveMakemikari (%)						Nzvimbo Inosungirira						Kuedza kweCharpy (V notch) Impact
		c	Mn	p	s	Si	Zvimwe	Simba reGoho (Mpa)		Simba reKusimba (Mpa)		（L0=5.65 √ S0）Kutambanudzwa kweminiti （%）
		zvakanyanya	zvakanyanya	zvakanyanya	zvakanyanya	zvakanyanya	Zvimwe	miniti	zvakanyanya	miniti	zvakanyanya	D ≤ 168.33mm	D ＞ 168.3mm
GB/T3091 -2008	Q215A	≤ 0.15	0.25 ＜ 1.20	0.045	0.050	0.35	Kuwedzera Nb\V\Ti zvichienderana neGB/T1591-94	215		335		15	> 31
	Q215B	≤ 0.15	0.25-0.55	0.045	0.045	0.035		215		335		15	> 31
	Q235A	≤ 0.22	0.30 ＜ 0.65	0.045	0.050	0.035		235		375		15	>26
	Q235B	≤ 0.20	0.30 ≤ 1.80	0.045	0.045	0.035		235		375		15	>26
	Q295A	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.045	0.55		295		390		13	>23
	Q295B	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.040	0.55		295		390		13	>23
	Q345A	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.045	0.55		345		510		13	>21
	Q345B	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.040	0.55		345		510		13	>21
GB/T9711-2011（PSL1）	L175	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Sarudzo yekuwedzera chimwe chezvinhu zveNb\V\Ti kana chero musanganiswa wazvo	175		310		27		Imwe kana mbiri dzechiratidzo chekusimba kwesimba reimpact uye nzvimbo yekuchekerera simbi dzinogona kusarudzwa. Kune L555, ona standard.
	L210	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			210		335		25
	L245	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			245		415		21
	L290	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		415		21
	L320	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			320		435		20
	L360	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			360		460		19
	L390	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			390		390		18
	L415	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			415		520		17
	L450	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			450		535		17
	L485	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			485		570		16
API 5L (PSL 1)	A25	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Kune simbi yegiredhi B, Nb+V ≤ 0.03%; kune simbi ≥ giredhi B, kuwedzera Nb kana V kana musanganiswa wavo, uye Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15%	172		310		（L0=50.8mm）kuti iverengwe zvichienderana nefomura inotevera:e=1944·A0 .2/U0 .0 A:Nzvimbo yemuenzaniso mu mm2 U: Simba shoma rekudhonza mu Mpa		Hapana kana chimwe kana zvese zviri zviviri simba rekukanda uye nzvimbo yekuchekerera inodiwa senzira yekusimba.
	A	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			207		331
	B	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			241		414
	X42	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		414
	X46	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			317		434
	X52	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			359		455
	X56	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			386		490
	X60	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			414		517
	X65	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			448		531
	X70	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			483		565

Pakufunga nezvezvinodiwa zvepombi yemusono inotenderera, zvakakosha kutarisa pazvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita sedhayamita, ukobvu hwemadziro uye giredhi rezvinhu. Dhayamita yepombi inosarudza kugona kwayo kutakura mvura kana gasi, nepo ukobvu hwemadziro huchiita basa rakakosha mukuvimbika kwechimiro chayo uye kuramba kumanikidzwa. Pamusoro pezvo, giredhi rezvinhu rinomiririra mhando uye kuumbwa kwesimbi inoshandiswa uye chinhu chakakosha pakuona kuti pombi inogara kwenguva refu uye inoshanda zvakanaka.

Mukuvakwa kwemapaipi makuru emvura, mapaipi emusono anotenderera ane zvakanakira zvakawanda. Simba rawo rekudhonza uye kuramba ngura kunoita kuti akwanise kutakura mvura nedaro refu, nepo kuchinjika kwawo kuchibvumira kuiswa nyore nyore pazvipingamupinyi uye munzvimbo dzakaoma. Pamusoro pezvo, kushandiswa kwemapaipi emusono anotenderera mumapaipi egasi rechisikigo kunoita kuti gasi rechisikigo ritakurwe zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira, zvichipa chiwanikwa chakakosha kumatunhu ekugara, ekutengeserana uye emaindasitiri.

Kudivi rezvivakwa, zvinodiwa zvepombi dzemusono dzinotenderedzwa nemitemo yeindasitiri kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti dzine hunhu uye mashandiro adzo. Semuenzaniso, American Petroleum Institute (API) yakagadzira zvinodiwa pakugadzira nekushandisa pombi dzemusono dzinoratidza zvinodiwa pahukuru, simba, uye maitiro ekuyedza. Pamusoro pezvo, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) inopa ruzivo rwezvinhu uye hunyanzvi hwemachina emapombi emusono anotenderedzwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti akavimbika uye anotevedzera zvinodiwa neindasitiri.

Muchidimbu, zvinodiwa zvepombi dzakasungirirwa nesimbi dzakaita sespiral zvakakosha pabasa radzo mukuvaka zvivakwa. Ingave inoshandiswa pakugadzira mains emvura kanamitsetse yegesi, mapaipi aya anopa simba risingaenzaniswi, kugara kwenguva refu uye kushanduka-shanduka, zvichiita kuti ave akakosha munyika yanhasi. Nekutevedzera mitemo nemirau yeindasitiri, kushandiswa kwemapaipi emusono anotenderera kunoita kuti masisitimu ezvivakwa zvakakosha agare akachengeteka uye achishanda zvakanaka, zvichigadzira nzira yekusimudzira magariro evanhu uye kufambira mberi.

Yakapfuura: Simba reMapaipi Akasungirirwa Kaviri muMashandisirwo Emaindasitiri

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