Kunzwisisa Kukosha Kwemaitiro Akakodzera Ekubatanidza Mapaipi Esimbi Inoshandiswa Mumigero Yemvura Yepasi
Mapaipi esimbi anotendereraanoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumapaipi epasi pevhu nekuda kwesimba rawo guru uye kugona kwawo kutsungirira kumanikidzwa kwekunze. Mapaipi aya anogadzirwa kubva kumachira esimbi anoputirwa nekupisa anoumba chimiro chespiral. Maitiro ekubatanidza spiral anoshandiswa kugadzira mapaipi aya anopa hunhu hwakanaka, zvichiita kuti akwanise kushandiswa pasi pevhu.
| Dhayamita yekunze yezita | Ukobvu hweMadziro eZita (mm) | ||||||||||||||
| mm Mukati | 6.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 15.0 | 16.0 | 18.0 | 20.0 | 22.0 | |
| Kurema Pachikamu Kureba (kg/m) | |||||||||||||||
| 219.1 | 8-5/8 | 31.53 | 36.61 | 41.65 | |||||||||||
| 273.1 | 10-3/4 | 39.52 | 45.94 | 52.30 | |||||||||||
| 323.9 | 12-3/4 | 47.04 | 54.71 | 62.32 | 69.89 | 77.41 | |||||||||
| (325) | 47.20 | 54.90 | 62.54 | 70.14 | 77.68 | ||||||||||
| 355.6 | 14 | 51.73 | 60.18 | 68.58 | 76.93 | 85.23 | |||||||||
| (377.0) | 54.89 | 63.87 | 72.80 | 81.67 | 90.50 | ||||||||||
| 406.4 | 16 | 59.25 | 68.95 | 78.60 | 88.20 | 97.76 | 107.26 | 116.72 | |||||||
| (426.0) | 62.14 | 72.33 | 82.46 | 92.55 | 102.59 | 112.58 | 122.51 | ||||||||
| 457 | 18 | 66.73 | 77.68 | 88.58 | 99.44 | 110.24 | 120.99 | 131.69 | |||||||
| (478.0) | 69.84 | 81.30 | 92.72 | 104.09 | 115.41 | 126.69 | 137.90 | ||||||||
| 508.0 | 20 | 74.28 | 86.49 | 98.65 | 110.75 | 122.81 | 134.82 | 146.79 | 158.69 | 170.56 | |||||
| (529.0) | 77.38 | 90.11 | 102.78 | 115.40 | 127.99 | 140.52 | 152.99 | 165.43 | 177.80 | ||||||
| 559.0 | 22 | 81.82 | 95.29 | 108.70 | 122.07 | 135.38 | 148.65 | 161.88 | 175.04 | 188.17 | |||||
| 610.0 | 24 | 89.37 | 104.10 | 118.77 | 133.39 | 147.97 | 162.48 | 176.97 | 191.40 | 205.78 | |||||
| (630.0) | 92.33 | 107.54 | 122.71 | 137.83 | 152.90 | 167.92 | 182.89 | 197.81 | 212.68 | ||||||
| 660.0 | 26 | 96.77 | 112.73 | 128.63 | 144.48 | 160.30 | 176.05 | 191.77 | 207.43 | 223.04 | |||||
| 711.0 | 28 | 104.32 | 121.53 | 138.70 | 155.81 | 172.88 | 189.89 | 206.86 | 223.78 | 240.65 | 257.47 | 274.24 | |||
| (720.0) | 105.65 | 123.09 | 140.47 | 157.81 | 175.10 | 192.34 | 209.52 | 226.66 | 243.75 | 260.80 | 277.79 | ||||
| 762.0 | 30 | 111.86 | 130.34 | 148.76 | 167.13 | 185.45 | 203.73 | 211.95 | 240.13 | 258.26 | 276.33 | 294.36 | |||
| 813.0 | 32 | 119.41 | 139.14 | 158.82 | 178.45 | 198.03 | 217.56 | 237.05 | 256.48 | 275.86 | 295.20 | 314.48 | |||
| (820.0) | 120.45 | 140.35 | 160.20 | 180.00 | 199.76 | 219.46 | 239.12 | 258.72 | 278.28 | 297.79 | 317.25 | ||||
| 864.0 | 34 | 147.94 | 168.88 | 189.77 | 210.61 | 231.40 | 252.14 | 272.83 | 293.47 | 314.06 | 334.61 | ||||
| 914.0 | 36 | 178.75 | 200.87 | 222.94 | 244.96 | 266.94 | 288.86 | 310.73 | 332.56 | 354.34 | |||||
| (920.0) | 179.93 | 202.20 | 224.42 | 246.59 | 286.70 | 290.78 | 312.79 | 334.78 | 356.68 | ||||||
| 965.0 | 38 | 188.81 | 212.19 | 235.52 | 258.80 | 282.03 | 305.21 | 328.34 | 351.43 | 374.46 | |||||
| 1016.0 | 40 | 198.87 | 223.51 | 248.09 | 272.63 | 297.12 | 321.56 | 345.95 | 370.29 | 394.58 | 443.02 | ||||
| (1020.0) | 199.66 | 224.39 | 249.08 | 273.72 | 298.31 | 322.84 | 347.33 | 371.77 | 396.16 | 444.77 | |||||
| 1067.0 | 42 | 208.93 | 234.83 | 260.67 | 286.47 | 312.21 | 337.91 | 363.56 | 389.16 | 414.71 | 465.66 | ||||
| 118.0 | 44 | 218.99 | 246.15 | 273.25 | 300.30 | 327.31 | 354.26 | 381.17 | 408.02 | 343.83 | 488.30 | ||||
| 1168.0 | 46 | 228.86 | 257.24 | 285.58 | 313.87 | 342.10 | 370.29 | 398.43 | 426.52 | 454.56 | 510.49 | ||||
| 1219.0 | 48 | 238.92 | 268.56 | 298.16 | 327.70 | 357.20 | 386.64 | 416.04 | 445.39 | 474.68 | 553.13 | ||||
| (1220.0) | 239.12 | 268.78 | 198.40 | 327.97 | 357.49 | 386.96 | 146.38 | 445.76 | 475.08 | 533.58 | |||||
| 1321.0 | 52 | 291.20 | 323.31 | 327.97 | 387.38 | 449.34 | 451.26 | 483.12 | 514.93 | 578.41 | |||||
| (1420.0) | 347.72 | 355.37 | 416.66 | 451.08 | 485.41 | 519.74 | 553.96 | 622.32 | 690.52 | ||||||
| 1422.0 | 56 | 348.22 | 382.23 | 417.27 | 451.72 | 486.13 | 520.48 | 554.97 | 623.25 | 691.51 | 759.58 | ||||
| 1524.0 | 60 | 373.38 | 410.44 | 447.46 | 484.43 | 521.34 | 558.21 | 595.03 | 688.52 | 741.82 | 814.91 | ||||
| (1620.0) | 397.03 | 436.48 | 457.84 | 515.20 | 554.46 | 593.73 | 623.87 | 711.11 | 789.12 | 867.00 | |||||
| 1626.0 | 64 | 398.53 | 438.11 | 477.64 | 517.13 | 556.56 | 595.95 | 635.28 | 713.80 | 792.13 | 870.26 | ||||
| 1727.0 | 68 | 423.44 | 465.51 | 507.53 | 549.51 | 591.43 | 633.31 | 675.13 | 758.64 | 841.94 | 925.05 | ||||
| (1820.0) | 446.37 | 492.74 | 535.06 | 579.32 | 623.50 | 667.71 | 711.79 | 799.92 | 887.81 | 975.51 | |||||
| 1829.0 | 72 | 493.18 | 626.65 | 671.04 | 714.20 | 803.92 | 890.77 | 980.39 | |||||||
| 1930.0 | 76 | 661.52 | 708.40 | 755.23 | 848.75 | 942.07 | 1035.19 | ||||||||
| (2020.0) | 692.60 | 741.69 | 790.75 | 888.70 | 986.41 | 1084.02 | |||||||||
| 2032.0 | 80 | 696.74 | 746.13 | 795.48 | 894.03 | 992.38 | 1090.53 | ||||||||
| (2220.0) | 761.65 | 815.68 | 869.66 | 977.50 | 1085.80 | 1192.53 | |||||||||
| (2420.0) | 948.58 | 1066.26 | 1183.75 | 1301.04 | |||||||||||
| (2540.0) | 100 | 995.93 | 1119.53 | 1242.94 | 1366.15 | ||||||||||
| (2845.0) | 112 | 1116.28 | 1254.93 | 1393.37 | 1531.63 | ||||||||||
Cherechedza:
1. Mapaipi esimbi ane dhayamita yekunze uye ukobvu hwemadziro pakati pehukuru hwawo hwakanyorwa patafura, asi chibvumirano chinofanira kusainwa.
2. Madhayamita ekunze ari mumabhuraketi ari patafura ndiwo madhayamita akachengetwa.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha pakushandisa simbi inotendererapombi dzemigero yemvura yepasi pevhuinzira dzakakodzera dzekubatanidza simbi. Kubatanidza simbi inzira yekubatanidza zvikamu zviviri zvesimbi nekuisa kupisa nekumanikidza. Kune mapaipi emvura ari pasi pevhu, mhando yekubatanidza simbi inokanganisa zvakananga kunaka kwepaipi uye kuvimbika kwayo.
Zvakakodzeramaitiro ekunamira mapaipiPamapaipi esimbi anotenderera, pane matanho akakosha akawanda. Chekutanga, pamusoro pepaipi inofanira kunamirwa panofanira kunge pakachena uye pasina tsvina yakaita sevhu, mafuta, kana pendi. Izvi zvinoita kuti paipi yacho ive yakasimba uye isina tsvina inogona kukanganisa simba rayo.
Tevere, magadzirirwo ewelding akadai sekupisa, kumhanya kwewelding, uye matekiniki anofanirwa kudzorwa nokungwarira kuti pave nekuwelding kwemhando yepamusoro. Kushandisa zvinhu nematekiniki akakodzera ewelding kwakakosha kudzivirira zvikanganiso zvakaita sekuora, kutsemuka, kana kusabatana, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kuvimbika kweweld.
Pamusoro pezvo, nzira dzakakodzera dzekupisa usati waisa uye dzekupisa mushure mekusveta dzakakosha pamapaipi esimbi anotenderera anoshandiswa mumigero yepasi pevhu. Kupisa kunobatsira kuderedza njodzi yekutsemuka uye kunatsiridza kunaka kwese kwekusveta, nepo kurapwa kwekupisa mushure mekusveta kunoderedza kushushikana kwasara uye kunoita kuti pave nechimiro chakafanana munzvimbo yese yekusveta.
Pamusoro pezvo, kushandiswa kwetekinoroji yepamusoro yekushongedza senge maitiro ekugadzirisa otomatiki uye kuyedza kusingaparadze kunogona kuwedzera kunaka uye kuvimbika kwekushongedza. Tekinoroji idzi dzinobatsira kuona kuti majoini akasungirirwa anosangana nesimba rinodiwa uye mwero wemhando yepamusoro kuti pave nerunyararo rwepfungwa pamusoro pekushanda kwenguva refu kwemitsetse yepasi pevhu.
Muchidimbu, maitiro akakodzera ekusonta mapaipi akakosha pakuona kuti mapaipi esimbi anotenderera anoshandiswa mumitsetse yepasi pevhu akasimba uye anogara kwenguva refu. Nekutevera zvinodiwa pakusonta, matekiniki uye matanho ekudzora mhando, njodzi yekukanganisa kwekubatanidza mapaipi uye kukundikana kunogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya. Mugumisiro wacho itambo yepasi pevhu yakavimbika uye inogara kwenguva refu inogona kutsungirira bvunzo yenguva uye kupa masevhisi ekuendesa mvura akachengeteka uye anoshanda. Kune mitsetse yepasi pevhu, kuisa mari muchirongwa chakakodzera chekusonta mapaipi idanho rakakosha mukuona kuti kuvimbika uye kugara kwenguva refu kwepaipi.







